Η Οδηγία 2014/94/EE, θεσπίζει ένα κοινό πλαίσιο μέτρων για την ανάπτυξη υποδομών εναλλακτικών καυσίμων στην Ένωση, που αφορούν σε σημεία επαναφόρτισης ή ανεφοδιασμού, προκειμένου να ελαχιστοποιηθεί η εξάρτηση από τα υγρά ορυκτά καύσιμα και να περιοριστούν οι περιβαλλοντικές επιπτώσεις στον τομέα των μεταφορών.
Σύμφωνα με το άρθρο 3 της Οδηγίας 2014/94/ΕΕ, τα κράτη μέλη θα πρέπει μέχρι τις 18 Νοεμβρίου, 2016, να υποβάλουν στην Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή, Εθνικό Πλαίσιο Πολιτικής το οποίο θα περιγράφει εθνικούς σκοπούς και στόχους, κατευθύνσεις, υποστηρικτικές δράσεις και μέτρα πολιτικής για την ανάπτυξη των εναλλακτικών καυσίμων και την ανάπτυξη των αναγκαίων υποδομών που πρέπει να δημιουργηθούν.
Θα πρέπει να περιλαμβάνει επίσης, αξιολόγηση της υφιστάμενης κατάστασης και της μελλοντικής ανάπτυξης της αγοράς σε ότι αφορά τα εναλλακτικά καύσιμα στον τομέα των μεταφορών, σχετικές αποφάσεις πολιτικής, τις υφιστάμενες και μελλοντικές νομοθετικές ρυθμίσεις κ.α. σύμφωνα με οδηγό που έχει αποστείλει η Ευρωπαϊκή Επιτροπή για υποβοήθηση των κρατών μελών στην ετοιμασία του εν λόγω Εθνικού Πλαισίου Πολιτικής.
Member State fiches
Introduction
Alternative fuels are key to improving the EU's security of energy supply, reducing the impact of transport on the environment and boosting EU competitiveness. They are also an important building block for the EU's transition towards a low-carbon economy.
The Directive on the deployment of alternative fuels infrastructure (2014/94/EU), hereafter referred to as 'Directive', requires that Member States provide a minimum infrastructure for alternative fuels such as electricity, hydrogen and natural gas. Per article 3 of the Directive, the Member States had to notify the European Commission by 18 November 2016 on their National Policy Frameworks (NPF). In their NPF, the Member States should outline their national targets and objectives, and any supporting actions for the development of the market as regards alternative fuels, including the deployment of the necessary infrastructure to be put into place.
The directive sets a regulatory framework for the following fuels:
Electricity: Since about 2010, electric vehicles have become a common sight on European roads. The directive requires Member States to set targets for recharging points that would be accessible to the public, to be built by 2020, to ensure that electric vehicles can circulate freely, at least in urban and suburban agglomerations. Targets should ideally foresee a minimum of one recharging point per ten electric vehicles.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG): For over a decade, CNG vehicles and buses have been deployed in several Member States. The directive requires that Member States ensure a sufficient number of publicly accessible refuelling points, with common standards, to be built thus allowing the circulation of CNG vehicles, both in urban and sub-urban areas (by end-2020) as well as on the TEN-T (Trans-European Transport Network) core network, ideally every 150 km (by end-2025).
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG): Natural gas/bio-methane vehicles today offer a well-developed technology, with performances and cost equivalent to petrol or diesel units and with cleaner exhaust emissions. Natural gas used in trucks and ships can substitute diesel. For the development of LNG for road transport, Member States have to ensure a sufficient number of publicly accessible refuelling points, with common standards, on the TEN-T core network, ideally every 400 km, to be built by end-2025. The directive also requires a minimum coverage to ensure accessibility of LNG in main maritime and inland ports.
Hydrogen: The directive aims to ensure a sufficient number of publicly accessible refuelling points, with common standards, in the Member States who opt for hydrogen infrastructure, to be built by end-2025.
Besides the NPF, the Directive also regulates common EU-wide standards for equipment needed and user information. These latter two aspects are governed by the general transposition provisions of the Directive.
At a glance
Plenary – March 2018 EPRS | European Parliamentary Research Service
Author: Alex Benjamin Wilson, Members' Research Service PE 614.720
Disclaimer and Copyright: This document is prepared for, and addressed to, the Members and staff of the European Parliament as background material to assist them in their parliamentary work. The content of the document is the sole responsibility of its author(s) and any opinions expressed herein should not be taken to represent an official position of the Parliament.
© European Union, 2018,
Action plan on alternative fuels infrastructure
Η συζήτηση στην ολομέλεια για την ψήφιση του νόμου 59/2017
